Spring
的注解的解析过程以及Spring Boot
自动装配的原理,大概回顾下:Spring
解析注解是通过BeanFactoryPostProcessor
的子接口BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
的实现类ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
进行实现的,主要解析了@Componenet
、@ComponentScans
、@ComponentScan
、@PropertySources
、@PropertySource
、@Import
、@ImportResource
、@Bean
,并且是按照这个顺序进行解析的,由于Spring
是基于注解开发,比如@Configuration
、@Service
、@Controller
等注解都是在@Component
注解之上定义的,因此这些注解也是在这里解析的,然后就是Spring Boot
自动装配,他是通过@Import
注解解析ImportSelector
接口的selectorImports
方法进行BeanDefinition
的解析的,并且在这个方法中,Spring
默认扫描META-INF/spring.factories
文件,key
为@AutoEnableConfiguration
注解,value
为需要注入的类,最终经过过滤去重得到真正需要注入的类的全类名数组,最终通过loadBeanDefinitions
注册到Spring
容器中。
接下来继续解读AbstractApplicationContext#refresh
方法对BeanPostProcessor
的注册。
registerBeanPostProcessors 注册BPP
上源码:
protected void registerBeanPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) { PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, this); } public static void registerBeanPostProcessors( ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, AbstractApplicationContext applicationContext) { // 通过类型获取beanNames String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanPostProcessor.class, true, false); // Register BeanPostProcessorChecker that logs an info message when // a bean is created during BeanPostProcessor instantiation, i.e. when // a bean is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors. // 计算beanProcessor的数量 int beanProcessorTargetCount = beanFactory.getBeanPostProcessorCount() + 1 + postProcessorNames.length; // 添加一个BeanPostProcessor,所有上面+1了 beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new BeanPostProcessorChecker(beanFactory, beanProcessorTargetCount)); // Separate between BeanPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered, // Ordered, and the rest. // PriorityOrdered的bpp List<BeanPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(); // 内部的bpp List<BeanPostProcessor> internalPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(); // Ordered的BPP List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>(); // 没有排序的Bpp List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>(); for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) { // 匹配是否是PriorityOrdered类型的bpp,是就加入进去 if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) { BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class); priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp); // 判断是否是合并的mbdpp,这个类有点类似于BFPP的子类bdrpp if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) { internalPostProcessors.add(pp); } } // 匹配是否是Ordered的bpp else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) { orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName); } else { // 没有排序的bpp nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName); } } // First, register the BeanPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered. // 排序 sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory); // 注册bpp registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, priorityOrderedPostProcessors); // Next, register the BeanPostProcessors that implement Ordered. // 将beanName转换为BPP对象存放在list中 List<BeanPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(orderedPostProcessorNames.size()); for (String ppName : orderedPostProcessorNames) { BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class); orderedPostProcessors.add(pp); if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) { internalPostProcessors.add(pp); } } // 排序 sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory); // 注册到容器中 registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, orderedPostProcessors); // Now, register all regular BeanPostProcessors. // 处理没有排序的bpp List<BeanPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.size()); for (String ppName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) { BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class); nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp); if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) { internalPostProcessors.add(pp); } } // 注册到容器 registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, nonOrderedPostProcessors); // Finally, re-register all internal BeanPostProcessors. // 对内部的bpp进行排序 sortPostProcessors(internalPostProcessors, beanFactory); // 注册内部的bpp registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, internalPostProcessors); // Re-register post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners, // moving it to the end of the processor chain (for picking up proxies etc). // 重新注册ApplicationListenerDetector 的bpp,把它放在了链表的尾部 // 因为在准备BeanFactory时已经添加过这个bpp beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(applicationContext)); }
前面的文章:BeanFactoryPostProcessor的执行和解析的话,这里就很相似了,基本套路都是一样的。
- 通过
getBeanNamesByType
获取BPP的数组 - 设置集合存储
BPP
- 解析
PriorityOrdered
的BPP
,排序,注册,中间加入解析内部的BPP
- 解析
Orderd
的BPP
,排序,注册 - 解析没有排序的,注册,,中间加入解析内部的
BPP
- 最后注册内部的BPP
- 将
ApplicationListenerDetector
注册到容器的后面,这个类是之前添加过的(这里:prepareBeanFactory
),这里移到了最后
注册BPP
都是调用的这个方法遍历处理的:
private static void registerBeanPostProcessors( ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<BeanPostProcessor> postProcessors) { for (BeanPostProcessor postProcessor : postProcessors) { // 加入到容器中 beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(postProcessor); } }
与BFPP
不同的是,BPP
只是进行了注册并没有进行执行,BFPP
是注册并执行。
BeanPostProcessor
基本上就做了这些事,相对比较简单,接下来解读下AbstractApplicationContext#refresh
中对国际化、事件多播器、事件监听器的处理。
初始化国际化
在单纯的Spring
中设置国际化实际上是体现不出来的,需要用到Spring MVC
才能有所体现,我们看看Spring
是怎么初始化的,上源码:
protected void initMessageSource() { // 获取beanFactory ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory(); // 如果工厂中已经有这个bean,那就获取出来设置到messageSource上 if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean(MESSAGE_SOURCE_BEAN_NAME)) { this.messageSource = beanFactory.getBean(MESSAGE_SOURCE_BEAN_NAME, MessageSource.class); // Make MessageSource aware of parent MessageSource. // 判断父类是否存在,如果存在则将判断父类是否设置了消息源,没有设置就设置给他 if (this.parent != null && this.messageSource instanceof HierarchicalMessageSource) { HierarchicalMessageSource hms = (HierarchicalMessageSource) this.messageSource; if (hms.getParentMessageSource() == null) { // Only set parent context as parent MessageSource if no parent MessageSource // registered already. hms.setParentMessageSource(getInternalParentMessageSource()); } } if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Using MessageSource [" + this.messageSource + "]"); } } else { // Use empty MessageSource to be able to accept getMessage calls. // 如果容器中没有注册bean,那么new一个 DelegatingMessageSource dms = new DelegatingMessageSource(); dms.setParentMessageSource(getInternalParentMessageSource()); this.messageSource = dms; // 注册到容器中 beanFactory.registerSingleton(MESSAGE_SOURCE_BEAN_NAME, this.messageSource); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("No '" + MESSAGE_SOURCE_BEAN_NAME + "' bean, using [" + this.messageSource + "]"); } } }
逻辑很简单,首先是从容器中获取MessageSource
接口的实现,如果存在则直接赋值给AbstractApplicationContext
的messageSource
属性,用于解析国际化和参数化。如果没有就直接new
一个委派的实现类,然后赋值给messageSource
属性,并注册到容器中。
在Spring中提供了两个默认的实现:ResourceBundleMessageSource
和 ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource
初始化多播器、刷新容器、注册监听器
initApplicationEventMulticaster
初始化多播器,上源码:
protected void initApplicationEventMulticaster() { // 获取beanFactory ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory(); // 从容器中获取bean,如果就拿出来 if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME)) { this.applicationEventMulticaster = beanFactory.getBean(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, ApplicationEventMulticaster.class); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Using ApplicationEventMulticaster [" + this.applicationEventMulticaster + "]"); } } else { // 没有事件多播器就new一个,多播器会创建一个监听器的集合,用于存放监听器 this.applicationEventMulticaster = new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(beanFactory); // 注册到容器中 beanFactory.registerSingleton(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, this.applicationEventMulticaster); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("No '" + APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME + "' bean, using " + "[" + this.applicationEventMulticaster.getClass().getSimpleName() + "]"); } } }
源码跟国际化的代码基本逻辑一直,如果容器中有就拿出来赋值,没有就创建一个SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster
类作为默认的多播器。
onRefresh
刷新蓉器这个方法是一个空方法,由子类实现,这里直接跳过了。
registerListeners
注册监听器,上源码:
protected void registerListeners() { // Register statically specified listeners first. // 注册静态指定的监听器 for (ApplicationListener<?> listener : getApplicationListeners()) { getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListener(listener); } // Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans // uninitialized to let post-processors apply to them! // 根据类型获取监听器的beanName String[] listenerBeanNames = getBeanNamesForType(ApplicationListener.class, true, false); // 遍历bean,并加入到监听器bean集合中 for (String listenerBeanName : listenerBeanNames) { getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListenerBean(listenerBeanName); } // Publish early application events now that we finally have a multicaster... // 获取早期的事件,这个事件是在准备刷新阶段(第一个阶段前戏阶段)设置进来的,是一个空的集合 Set<ApplicationEvent> earlyEventsToProcess = this.earlyApplicationEvents; this.earlyApplicationEvents = null; if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(earlyEventsToProcess)) { for (ApplicationEvent earlyEvent : earlyEventsToProcess) { getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent(earlyEvent); } } }
这里的逻辑也是比较简单的:
- 先获取静态的监听器,这里实际上就是在定制化
BeanFactory
时可以手动添加的监听器,如果有就添加到多播器的监听器集合中@Override protected void customizeBeanFactory(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) { // 扩展点 设置不去处理循环依赖或者beanDefinition覆盖 super.setAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding(true); super.setAllowCircularReferences(true); super.customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory); // 添加一个自定义的属性编辑器的注册器 beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new AddressPropertyEditorRegistrar()); super.addBeanFactoryPostProcessor(new MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor("new 创建的")); // 添加一个自定义的BeanPostProcessorr // beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(null); // 添加一个监听器 super.addApplicationListener(new CustomApplicationListener()); }
- 获取定义为Bean的ApplicationListener,比如xml配置的,如果有就添加到多播器的监听器集合中
- 获取早期的事件,这里获取到的是一个空集合
Spring的事件发布是如何设计的?
Spring的事件机制实际上是使用了观察者模式进行设计的,观察者模式分为两大角色,观察者和被观察者,只是Spring更加的抽象,在Spring中分为事件ApplicationEvent
、监听器ApplicationListener
、事件发布者ApplicationEventPublisher
、事件的多播器ApplicationEventMulticaster
。AbstractApplicationContext
这个Spring
的BeanFactory
容器就是实现了ApplicationEventPublisher
,可以对事件进行发布。在Spring
中内置了很多的事件,比如:ContextClosedEvent
、ContextRefreshedEvent
、ContextStartedEvent
、ContextStopedEvent
,而监听器的话Spring
内置不多,Spring
还提供了注解方式的配置监听器,注解为@EventListener
。
观察者模式与Spring事件驱动的对比:
在Spring 中如何使用事件,我们可以直接到官网 https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/reference/html/core.html#context-functionality-events 可以找到事件的使用案例,
想了解的朋友可以直接点击链接去查看,官网提供了两种配置监听器的方式,一种是实现ApplicationListener
接口,一种是使用@EventLister
注解配置,基于注解还可以配置异步的,排序的。
在自定义的事件发布时需要实现ApplicationEventPublisherAware
接口获取到ApplicationEventPublisher
进行发布事件。
上代码:
代码是Spring官网提供的,功能就是如果邮箱被拉黑,那么就不发送消息给邮箱,而是发布一个事件进行其他处理
定义一个事件源发布者:用来处理黑名单的邮箱
/** * @author <a href="https://www.gaodi.net/redwinter/">redwinter</a> * @since 1.0 **/ public class EmailService implements ApplicationEventPublisherAware { private List<String> blackList; public List<String> getBlackList() { return blackList; } public void setBlackList(List<String> blackList) { this.blackList = blackList; } private ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher; @Override public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) { this.applicationEventPublisher = applicationEventPublisher; } public void sendEmail(String address,String context){ if (blackList.contains(address)){ // 在黑名单中,那么发布一个事件,但是不发送消息到邮箱 applicationEventPublisher.publishEvent(new MyEvent(this,address,context)); return; } System.out.println("......发送邮箱........"); } }
定义事件
/** * @author <a href="https://www.gaodi.net/redwinter/">redwinter</a> * @since 1.0 **/ public class MyEvent extends ApplicationEvent { private final String address; private final String context; /** * Create a new {@code ApplicationEvent}. * * @param source the object on which the event initially occurred or with * which the event is associated (never {@code null}) */ public MyEvent(Object source,String address,String context) { super(source); this.address = address; this.context = context; } @Override public String toString() { return "MyEvent{" + "address='" + address + '/'' + ", context='" + context + '/'' + '}'; } }
定义监听器:
/** * @author <a href="https://www.gaodi.net/redwinter/">redwinter</a> * @since 1.0 **/ public class MyApplicationListener implements ApplicationListener<MyEvent> { private String notifyAddress; public String getNotifyAddress() { return notifyAddress; } public void setNotifyAddress(String notifyAddress) { this.notifyAddress = notifyAddress; } @Override public void onApplicationEvent(MyEvent event) { System.out.println("收到事件,开始发布"); System.out.println("发送消息给" + notifyAddress + event.toString()); } }
配置xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:redwinter="http://www.redwinter.com/schema/redwinter" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.redwinter.com/schema/redwinter http://www.redwinter.com/schema/redwinter.xsd "> <!--配置事件监听--> <bean class="com.redwinter.test.EmailService"> <property name="blackList"> <list> <value>12345@qq.com</value> <value>123@qq.com</value> <value>456@qq.com</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean class="com.redwinter.test.MyApplicationListener"> <property name="notifyAddress" value="789@qq.com"/> </bean> </beans>
客户端:
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring-test.xml"); EmailService emailService = context.getBean(EmailService.class); emailService.sendEmail("123@qq.com","Spring源码学习中!");
我这里发送的邮箱在拉黑的配置文件中,所以就会触发事件的发布并且将拉黑的邮箱信息发送给789@qq.com这个通知邮箱,如果设置成其他的邮箱,那么就能正常进行发送消息。
输出:
收到事件,开始发布 发送消息给789@.comMyEvent{address='123@qq.com', context='你好啊,Spring源码!'}
当然可有使用注解@EventListener进行配置:
/** * @author <a href="https://www.gaodi.net/redwinter/">redwinter</a> * @since 1.0 **/ public class MyNotifier { private String notifyAddress; public String getNotifyAddress() { return notifyAddress; } public void setNotifyAddress(String notifyAddress) { this.notifyAddress = notifyAddress; } @EventListener public void processMessage(MyEvent event){ System.out.println("收到事件,开始发布"); System.out.println("发送消息给" + notifyAddress + event.toString()); } }
xml增加一项配置:开启扫描和新增一个Bean的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:redwinter="http://www.redwinter.com/schema/redwinter" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.redwinter.com/schema/redwinter http://www.redwinter.com/schema/redwinter.xsd "> <context:component-scan base-package="com.redwinter.test"/> <!--配置事件监听--> <bean class="com.redwinter.test.selfevent.EmailService"> <property name="blackList"> <list> <value>12345@qq.com</value> <value>123@qq.com</value> <value>456@qq.com</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean class="com.redwinter.test.selfevent.MyApplicationListener"> <property name="notifyAddress" value="789@.com"/> </bean> <bean class="com.redwinter.test.selfevent.MyNotifier"> <property name="notifyAddress" value="7888@.com"/> </bean> </beans>
输出:
收到事件,开始发布 发送消息给7888@.comMyEvent{address='123@qq.com', context='你好啊,Spring源码!'} 收到事件,开始发布 发送消息给789@.comMyEvent{address='123@qq.com', context='你好啊,Spring源码!'}
说明生效了,那么@EventListenter
是如何解析的呢?
@EventListener注解如何解析的?
实际上在分析BFPP
https://www.gaodi.net/redwinter/p/16198942.html的时候,我们分析了Spring
对注解的解析,提到了如果开启了Spring
的注解扫描,那么Spring
默认会在容器中添加几个内置的Bean
,并且以internal
开头的Bean对象,这些Bean都是在AnnotationConfigUtils这个类中设置的:
//... 省略代码.... // 创建一个 EventListenerMethodProcessor 的BeanDefinition if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) { RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(EventListenerMethodProcessor.class); def.setSource(source); beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)); } // 创建一个 DefaultEventListenerFactory 的BeanDefinition if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME)) { RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(DefaultEventListenerFactory.class); def.setSource(source); beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, EVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME)); } //... 省略代码....
可以看到设置了一个EventListenerMethodProcessor
类还有一个DefaultEventListenerFactory
,这两个类分别用来解析@EvenListener
和创建ApplicationListener
接口的适配器。
EventListenerMethodProcessor
实现了BeanFactoryPostProcessor
接口、SmartInitializingSingleton
接口和ApplicationContextAware
接口,BeanFactoryPostProcessor
接口是用来对BeanDefinition
进行个性化设置解析等操作,SmartInitializingSingleton
接口是在初始化所有的单例Bean
之后触发的,也就是在preInstantiateSingletons
方法中初始化Bean
之后调用,ApplicationContextAware
是用来获取ApplicationContext
的。
截取EventListenerMethodProcessor
类中的的部分代码:
// ... 省略代码.... // 遍历所有标有@EventListener注解的方法 for (Method method : annotatedMethods.keySet()) { for (EventListenerFactory factory : factories) { if (factory.supportsMethod(method)) { Method methodToUse = AopUtils.selectInvocableMethod(method, context.getType(beanName)); // 使用工厂创建一个监听器,实际上创建的就是一个ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter ApplicationListener<?> applicationListener = factory.createApplicationListener(beanName, targetType, methodToUse); if (applicationListener instanceof ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter) { ((ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter) applicationListener).init(context, this.evaluator); } // 添加到容器中,如果多播器不为空,则添加到多播器的监听器集合中 context.addApplicationListener(applicationListener); break; } } } // ... 省略代码.... public ApplicationListener<?> createApplicationListener(String beanName, Class<?> type, Method method) { return new ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter(beanName, type, method); }
到这里Spring
的AbstractApplicationContext#refresh
方法中的10多个方法已经分析了10个了,接下来分析Bean
的创建过程,应该是Spring
源码中最重要的过程了。